Youngwood Latest News (Pennsylvania, United States)

Claims based on classical physics that Joule heat in graphene monolayer Field-effect transistors produces temperatures in excess of 1000 K are refuted by quantum mechanics.

Only blackbody radiation heat carriers moving at the speed of light – not phonons and electrons - are consistent with the Fourier law that implicitly requires thermal disturbances to travel at infinite velocity

Spin-valve storage of data in magnetic heads by the change in resistance from the alignment of electron spins is superseded by the dramatic superconductivity from charge carriers created by the conservation of Joule heat by QED

Current-induced switching in spin-valves by transfer of electron spin angular momentum is superseded by dramatic changes in photoconductivity by the photoelectric effect brought about by the QED induced conversion of Joule heat to EUV radiation

Molecular Dynamics simulations of heat transfer based in Statistical Mechanics that assume the atoms in nanostructures have heat capacity are invalidated by Quantum Corrections that require the heat capacity to vanish at the nanoscale

Quantum mechanics by requiring the heat capacity of the atom to vanish at the nanoscale precludes verification of the Wiedemann-Franz law in nanowires by Fourier derivations of thermal conductivity

Molecular dynamics simulations show the stiffening of nanowires in tensile tests is caused by hydrostatic tension produced by the repulsion of atoms from charges created by the QED induced photoelectric effect

The stiffening of nanowires is a quantum mechanical effect creating photons that by the photoelectric effect charge the wire, the charge repulsion producing an internal pressure that enhances the Young’s modulus measured in the tensile test

The unphysical explanations of heat transfer at the nanoscale by classical physics is avoided by quantum mechanics

At Nano 2012 held at the Birmingham ICC, heat transfer in nanoelectronics by quantum mechanics was contrasted with classical physics in discussions of memristors, the Ovshinsky Effect, 1/f noise, the Landauer limit, and heat dissipation in circuits

QED converts the stored energy of non-propagating evanescent waves to photons that propagate through double prisms to the outside world thereby supporting Winful’s argument that superluminal velocities do not occur in the Hartman effect

Natural self-assembly of proteins thought to occur by weak intermolecular van der Waals attraction is superseded by strong attraction from the polarizabilty of the protein in the UV radiation field produced by the proteins themselves

Claims of enhanced radiative heat transfer across nanoscale gaps by evanescent waves are reviewed based on the validity of the fluctuation dissipation theorem in Maxwell’s equations and whether atom temperatures in gap surfaces may be measured

Skeptics of Global Warming misinterpret the Second law of Thermodynamics by not considering the CO2 molecule may radiate energy to the Earth by vibration instead of from the colder atmosphere to the warmer Earth

The astronomical observation of extended red emission explained by photoluminescence and black body radiation from UV excited submicron cosmic dust particles is superseded by QED induced redshift based on quantum mechanics

Maxwell’s mixing rules refute the notion that nanofluids comprising nanoparticles in common solvents enhance heat transfer by increasing thermal conductivity

The Second law of Thermodynamics is not violated in global warming as solar radiation after being absorbed by the Earth is re-radiated and absorbed by carbon dioxide in the atmosphere only to undergo backradiation that further warms the Earth

Reports of unphysical results in heat transfer at the ASME 3rd Micro/Nanoscale Conference held in Atlanta may be traced back to classical physics that allows the atom to have heat capacity at the nanoscale

Immunogenicity of therapeutic drugs by protein aggregates that form by intermolecular disulfide bonds and which are promptly rejected by the immune system is caused by UV radiation created inside the aggregates by quantum mechanics

Quantum mechanics that requires the conservation of Joule heat by the creation of charge instead of an increase in temperature produces 1/f noise by a train of step changes in power similar to a Markov chain in a stochastic stationary process

Molecular dynamics simulations of heat transfer in bulk materials consistent with statistical mechanics and valid under periodic boundary conditions are invalid by quantum mechanics for discrete nanostructures lacking periodic boundaries

Extremely low voltage signals of Johnson-Nyquist noise from ambient temperature fluctuations of atoms in surfaces of nanoscale gaps suggest solutions of Maxwell’s equations in near-field heat transfer may not be valid

Maxwell’s equations in near-field heat transfer for the tunneling of evanescent waves through nanoscale gaps are invalid as temperature fluctuations of surface atoms required by the fluctuation-dissipation theorem are negated by quantum mechanics

Maxwell’s equations in near-field heat transfer for the tunneling of evanescent waves through nanoscale gaps are invalid as temperature fluctuations of surface atoms required by the fluctuation-dissipation theorem are negated by quantum mechanics

Quantum Mechanics invalidates Molecular Dynamics Heat Transfer of Discrete Nanostructures in Tribochemistry

The 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics based on calculations using the redshift from Supernovae that showed the Universe is expanding at an accelerated rate was a mistake because the redshift was caused by absorption in cosmic dust

Quantum mechanics requires nano-thermometers to be in contact with the cell to obtain valid measurements of temperature

The Ovshinsky Effect where small voltages applied to high resistance submicron films significantly reduces their resistance is explained by quantum mechanics.

Quantum mechanics in conserving Joule heat by creating excitons thereby reducing the resistance of memristors is supported by numerical simulations of HP memristor switching at 5 kHz

Thermal energy absorbed by pigment molecules during intermittent non-bonded contact with rhodopsin receptors is conserved by QED induced emission of its EM spectrum thereby assisting the excitation of pigments at VIS levels under dark conditions

GALEX spectroscopy of galaxies showing cosmic dust produces wavelength dependent luminosities from Lyman alpha emissions is proof positive the Universe is static and not expanding.

Thermal transport by QED radiation based on the creation of photons in nanostructures upon the absorption of EM energy is shown to supersede phonon based Non-Equilibrium Green’s Function

GALEX measurements of nearby galaxies showing a green valley in the evolution between the blue cloud of young stars and the red sequence of older stars is explained without the Doppler effect by QED redshift of absorbed UV in cosmic dust

Chemical signaling by binding of presynaptic neurotransmitter molecules to postsynaptic receptors is superseded by EM signaling using the spectra of the molecules excited by QED induced radiation

Cell chromosomal and anastral spindles thought to assemble by autocatalysis are instead shown to assemble by QED radiation emitted by the spindles themselves from thermal energy absorbed from intracellular water molecule collisions.

Moth mating by olfactory shape theory relying on the improbable fitting of the pheromone (sex scent) into matched receptors on the antenna is probable with signals of the far infrared (FIR) spectra of the pheromone left along the trail of the female

Luminescence from nanowires depending on wire geometry explained by exciton-polariton coupling with light is superseded by excitons formed from photoionization by QED photons created from the TIR confinement of absorbed excitation power

Solar radiation lacking the photon energy at the macroscale to create excitons by photoexcitation is superseded at the nanoscale as absorbed radiation is induced by QED to produce the high energy photons that create the excitons

Simulations of switching the HP memristor at 1 GHz support the quantum mechanics restriction that resistive heating is conserved by the creation of excitons thereby explaining the observed hysteretic behavior of resistance in I-V curves

The inability of vibration theories of olfaction to correlate odor with the EM spectra of odorants only proves the brain encoded odors individually allowing totally different odors to be correlated with almost identical EM spectra

Recent cold fusion experiments at the University of Bologna suggesting cold fusion is produced from electrically heated nickel powder under pressurized hydrogen gas is consistent with QED induced radiation in nanoparticles.

Thermochemical reactions in the formation of submicron pads that protect rubbed engine surfaces by cross-linking of polymer chains under extreme pressure may be superseded by UV induced polymerization by photochemical reaction.

Memristor behavior is caused by quantum restrictions that forbid the conservation of power by an increase in temperature and instead photons are created inside the memristor thereby producing the observed charge by the photoelectric effect.

Specific heat by Debye’s phonons leading to unphysical conclusions of reduced thermal conductivity in thin films and violations of mixing rules in nanofluids are avoided by specific heat based on photons in Planck’s blackbody relation.

The NanoSafe Conference consensus that nanoparticles induce DNA damage by chemical reaction is inconclusive because reaction pathways cannot be distinguished from pathways from conventional ionizing radiation

Einstein’s theory of specific heat based on phonons leading to unphysical results at the nanoscale is modified by photons that allow phonons to be the heat carriers at the macroscale, but photons are the heat carriers at the nanoscale.

Olfaction theories of smell based on vibration and shape mechanisms are superseded by the odorant molecules creating their own unique QED induced IR and VCD rotational spectra from the absorption of thermal kT energy upon collision inside the nose

Christopher Beling , an associate Professor in Physics at the University of Hong Kong, while in England died in a drowning accident trying to save his brother. Chris was an active Creationist who conflicted with his Evolutionist peers.

Dark matter and energy by elementary particles that because of Hubble redshift are necessary to explain an expanding Universe in Big Bang cosmology are trumped by redshift in submicron cosmic dust particles in a static Universe

Higher conductivity of amorphous silicon (a-Si) found in 80 micron samples compared to submicron samples thought to be depend on the mean free path of phonons is negated by the size effect of quantum mechanics